How to Install and Setup WordPress on Linux with Nginx and PHP-FPM

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Are you ready to create your own WordPress site on Linux? Nginx and PHP-FPM are powerful alternatives to Apache that can help you achieve fast and reliable performance. In this article, we’ll walk you through the steps to install and setup WordPress on Linux using Nginx and PHP-FPM, with code snippets for each command. We’ll also include individual steps for the most popular distros such as Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, and Arch Linux. Plus, we’ll link to other relevant articles and resources to help you along the way.

Step 1: Install Required Packages

Before you can install WordPress, you need to make sure that your system has all the necessary packages installed. Depending on your Linux distribution, the required packages may differ slightly, but they generally include:

• Web server software such as Nginx
• PHP and related extensions
• MySQL or MariaDB

You can install these packages using your distribution’s package manager, such as apt on Ubuntu and Debian, dnf on CentOS, and pacman on Arch Linux. Here’s an example command to install the required packages on Ubuntu:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx php-fpm php-mysql mysql-server

Step 2: Create a MySQL Database and User

WordPress uses a MySQL database to store its content, so you need to create a new database and user before you can install WordPress. You can create the database and user using the following commands:

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE wpdb;
CREATE USER 'wpuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'wppassword';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wpdb.* TO 'wpuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Make sure to replace wpdb, wpuser, and wppassword with your own database name, username, and password.

Step 3: Download and Install WordPress

Next, you need to download and install WordPress. You can download the latest version of WordPress from the official website or using the command-line tools like wget or curl. Here’s an example command to download WordPress:

wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar -zxvf latest.tar.gz
sudo mv wordpress /var/www/html/

Make sure to replace /var/www/html/ with the path to your web server’s document root.

Step 4: Configure WordPress

After you have installed WordPress, you need to configure it. This includes setting up the database connection, defining your site URL, and creating a secret key. You can do this by creating a new wp-config.php file in your WordPress directory and pasting in the following code:

<?php
define('DB_NAME', 'wpdb');
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'wppassword');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

define('AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here');

$table_prefix = 'wp_';

define('WP_DEBUG', false);
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
	define( 'ABSPATH', dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/' );
}
require_once( ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php' );

Make sure to replace wpdb, wpuser, and wppassword with your own database name, username, and password. Also, replace the unique phrases for the keys and salts with your own values.

Step 5: Configure Nginx and PHP-FPM

Finally, you need to configure your web server to serve the WordPress site. This includes creating a virtual host and setting up the correct file permissions. Here’s an example configuration file for a Nginx virtual host:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    root /var/www/html/wordpress;
    index index.php;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
    }
    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
        expires max;
        log_not_found off;
    }
    error_log /var/log/nginx/wordpress-error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/wordpress-access.log;
}

Make sure to replace yourdomain.com with your own domain name and /var/www/html/wordpress with the path to your WordPress directory.

Step 6: Access Your WordPress Site

Once you have completed the previous steps, you should be able to access your WordPress site by navigating to your domain name in a web browser. You can now login to the WordPress dashboard and start customizing your site, adding content, and installing plugins.

By following these steps, you can install and setup WordPress on Linux quickly and easily. Remember to keep your system up-to-date, secure your site with strong passwords and regular backups, and enjoy the process of creating your own website!

If your looking for a way to automate this process then checkout Setting Up WordPress on Linux with Nginx and PHP-FPM Using Ansible

For further reading, try some of the links below.

1. The Nginx Documentation – the official documentation for Nginx, which provides information on how to configure and use Nginx as a web server.
2. The PHP-FPM Documentation – the official documentation for PHP-FPM, which provides information on how to install and configure PHP-FPM as a FastCGI process manager for PHP.
3. The WordPress Codex – the official documentation for WordPress, which provides information on how to use and customize WordPress.

We hope you found this article helpful. For more information on Linux and related topics, be sure to check out our other articles, including “Linux Operating System – A Beginner’s Guide” and “Linux Security Tips for Beginners”.

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